Image via Wikipedia

The length and stability are two factors that one must consider when purchasing a canoe. The longer the canoe, easier will be to steer on a particular course. On the other hand, a shorter canoe will be very easy to propel but will not retain its course. Many beginners have become frustrated simply because they could not push their canoe in the straight direction no matter how hard they tried. Going in for too short canoe can leave you facing this problem.

On the other hand, longer canoes are going to be heavier. This means you will have to put in a lot of effort to propel the same. Choose too longer canoe and chances are high that you will become tired after a few strokes of the paddle. This can be a very embarrassing situation. Try to find the right balance after considering the location where intend to use the canoe. A small canoe that can be steered very easily is suitable for whitewater rafting. This is true especially for beginners. On the other hand, bigger canoes will have more stability but will require a lot of strength to handle.

The length is connected with the overall stability of the canoe. A canoe that remains stable when you sit idle will automatically lose balance when you move your body to steer the vessel. On the other hand, a canoe that remains stable when you are steering it will not have high initial stability. As a beginner, you will have to make the choice and choose initial stability or secondary stability that you enjoy when you are steering the canoe. You cannot have both and that is a sad fact of life.

Image by Steve A via Flickr

Appreciation of teamwork is an unintended consequence of participation in sailing. Unless you intend on single handed sailing, you will always end up working as a team trying to control the boat. The task of maintaining the boat on the right course and making sure that the sails are full of wind requires coordination and teamwork. Of course, the odd accident where a team member falls overboard cannot be discounted either.

In such a scenario, people often realize how scared they are of relying on others. There is very little that can be accomplished alone in the sport of sailing. If you intend to race in competitive events, all the team members must work together as a well coordinated unit. A person who does not trust skills or commitment of his or her team members will obviously not succeed.

Ideally, all the team members must be completely fit when participating in the sport. However, there are many who would opt for sailing to lose their weight. The initial phase will be very tough as the body adjusts to the rigorous exercise. In such a scenario, it is important for other team members to step in and help the beginner.

As time goes by, people realize that they share a special bond with their sailing team members. You will discover that you get along with different individuals without any fuss or difficulty once you become a good sailor. You understand the value of teamwork and are far more adjusting towards individual qualities and characteristics. Of course, you will enjoy a lot of sun, surf and the salt – the three most charming aspects of sailing.

Image via Wikipedia

Water sports are popular with with people from all walks of life. The love of water is almost an obsession for some enthusiasts. Some sports are more casual forms of relaxation or exercise, such as canoeing, sailing or kayaking. They can also be competitive and intense.

It can be hard to categorize some water sports because they can be fun or competitive. Whether you are experienced or a novice, there are so many different water sports and activities that one is bound to appeal to almost anyone. Many, like canoeing, sailing, water-skiing, and floating, are family friendly and can accommodate people of all ages and fitness levels. More extreme activities like whitewater rafting and racing require more experience, skill, and a higher fitness level.

Some people combine their love of sports with gambling. The love and understanding of the sport is useful for making successful bets. Knowing the lingo as well as the sport you are betting on is important. Learn the lingo and fundamentals before placing your first bet.

Some people choose to use online sports betting sites instead of going to places like Las Vegas, where gambling is legal. The Internet and online betting sites allow players to bet when and where works with their lifestyle.

Even though online betting can be more convenient for many players, there are certain considerations. The biggest concern with using online betting sites is to make sure you are using a reliable and trusted service. In addition to doing your research before placing your bets, do your homework and make sure you are betting through a reputable website.

Image via Wikipedia

Some people find canoeing to be a bit difficult. However, there are some things you can try to help you become better. Before you start, don’t forget to wear a life jacket. You should also tie some rope to the ends of the canoe (the rope should be about 15 feet long). You will find the rope useful if the canoe tips over or if you wish to tie it to a dock. When getting in the canoe, you will need to rear person to get in first so you do not tip the canoe. When you get out, do this the opposite way so that the front person exits first.

The front person is called the bow paddler and the rear is called the stern paddler. To steer the canoe, have the front person paddle on the left and the back person paddle on the right. Switch sides about every 10 strokes or so.

To turn to canoe to the stern’s side, have the stern paddler paddle backward and the bow paddler paddle forward. To turn it to the bow’s side, the bow paddle will paddle backward and the stern paddler will paddle forward. A quicker way to turn would be to have one person put their paddle straight down in the water, while the other person paddles.

Practice with your partner and remember to tell each other when you are switching sides so you can keep a smooth flow. You can avoid paddling in circles and tipping over if you keep paddling in unison with each other.

The St. Vincent Gulf and the River Torrens in Adelaide makes a perfect location to go charter sailing, the waters in these regions are calm and the scenic beauty is mesmerizing. One can choose from a wide range of vessels to go sailing in these regions. Brisbane is known for having a variety of charter options if one plans to go charter sailing. Broome is one place which has a perfect climate for sailing, Broome has a tropical climate and is a sought after destination for ecosailing. One can avail charter packages to sail to the destinations like Cygnet bay, Mitchell Falls etc.

With the sun shining round the year on Gold Coast, the tropical climate along with numerous sailing charters to choose from, this destination won’t disappoint anyone who wants to go sailing.  Gold Coast has a lot of beautiful ports and it is not just sailing, one can try their hand in Snorkeling, swimming and picnicking.

Going sailing in these locations are bound to have an effect on one, it is sure to make one forget oneself and enjoy the smell of the sea and the beauty of nature as well as other places around.

While discussing about the ocean races there is one more well known ocean race, Newport Bermuda race, which is held once in every 2 years. This is a 635 mile ocean race and the duration of this race ranges from 3 to 6 days. The Newport Bermuda race which is also known as Bermuda race starts from Newport, which is a historical port in the Rhodes Island and finishes at the island of Bermuda. The race is held in the Atlantic Ocean which is well known for its rough weather conditions, especially in the Gulf Stream through which the race passes through. The Gulf Stream is renowned for its strong and dangerous currents.

The Bermuda race was first started in the year 1906 and has become a kind of tradition snce then. Every 2 years more than 150 boats of various classes and types get together for the race. The boats are divided into 5 different divisions. All these boats start from the Newport and finishes at Bermuda, where the trophies for the winners are awarded at the Government House of Bermuda, The Government house id the residence of the governor of Bermuda. The Bermuda race has an international recognition as one of the safest ocean race for its exemplary safety record, surprising considering it is the infamous Bermuda triangle.

The Royal Yachting Association was started in the month of November of the year 1875. It was founded by Frank Willan along with few other people. This association was started with the main purpose of standardizing the rules which are used for measuring the different types of racing yachts in order to create different classes so that there will be a fair competition between the boats of different classes. The rules that were framed for the purpose of measurement of the racing yachts are known as Portsmouth yardstick.

In the beginning the association offered membership to the owners of racing yachts of over 10 tons at a membership fee of 2 guineas and gradually the membership was extended for other small crafts including the dinghies in the year 1888.  The association underwent gradual expansion and included many other committees into it and also started governing the training programs  and gradually it established itself as the governing body for all the watersport and related activities in the United Kingdom. So if you want to take part in this, then head out to UK.

Now the same spirit which drove the sailors of those times has been awaken again and that is what drives the Volvo Ocean Race, a contest where the contestants sail across the vast oceans braving the weather conditions and the capes.
The first ocean race was held in the year 1973 and was known as the Whitbeard round the world race and now it is reamed as Volvo Ocean race. This race is held once in every three years and the duration of the race is 9 months.

This year’s race is going to start in Alicante, Spain in the month of October and the participants will sail over 39000 nautical miles to finish the race at Galway, Ireland in the early July 2012. Each vessel will have 11 professional crew and they are to brave the ocean and the weather to reach the finish .The ultimate test of their endurance and spirit.

Dinghy racing is a sport which involves sailing the dinghies as competitive sport. The dinghies used for racing are far different from the traditional dinghies as they are designed and modified according to the needs for racing. The modern dinghies used for racing have a special hull design and also the sail plans and sail materials are designed and used according to the needs of the racing.

The dinghy racing events come under the governance of International Sailing Federation. Regular dinghy racing events are regularly organized by organizations like Royal Yachting Association of the United Kingdom, Canadian Yachting Association and other national bodies. They are responsible for organizing, governing and regulating the sport in their respective nations. Dinghy racing is held in club, association, state, national as well as international levels making use of the International Racing Rules of Sailing framed by ISAF. These rules undergo revision in the regular interval of 4 years.
The racing dinghies are classified into 2 main classes. They are broadly classified into single handed and double handed where the name itself suggests that the single handed racing dinghy accommodates one person where as the double handed is for two people. There are also heavier class of dinghies which carry more than 2 crew members.

Dinghy racing is also adopted by many universities as well as secondary schools and they compete against other universities. These are governed by Interscholastic Sailing Association and Intercollegiate Sailing Association. Dinghy sailing has also been included in the Olympics and competed by both men and women under different classes, which a lot of countries participate in.

White water kayaking is one of the most popular adventure sports; Whitewater kayaking is carried out in Whitewater Rivers where the water will be running under different conditions which may range from a gentle carefree moving stream to rough dangerous waters. There rough fast flowing stretches in the rivers are known as river rapids and they are graded depending upon the severity and the danger.

Whitewater kayaking is subdivided into 5 different categories. They are namely: River running, Creeking, Slalom, Playboating and Squirt Boating.

Paddling in the waters with small crafts is not a new thing and it has been practiced by humans ever science stone age and where as the modern day kayaking is said to have originated some 8000 years ago and gradually it has developed into a leisure outdoor adventure sport. Whitewater kayaking is a great adrenaline filled sport and there are many resorts at tourist destinations around the world who offer whitewater kayaking just like skiing.

Image via Wikipedia

There are numerous paddles to choose from and you want to make sure you choose a paddle that is durable and effective. You need to choose a paddle that is fits your size and the size of your kayak. You will also want to choose a paddle based on whether you are going to use it in whitewater or touring. You want to make sure the paddle you choose will reach the water based on the width of your kayak.

Once you have determined the length you will need, you will want to consider the following characteristics:

Once these three areas are considered, then you can look at
the three major differences in paddle characteristics:

1. Shape and length of the shaft.

2. Shape and length of the blade.

3. Type of material used to make the paddle.

The shaft length will be based on the width of the kayak and your height. If you are a tall person, you will need a longer shaft. The blade will also depend on the type of kayaking you will be doing. The blades are in various sizes and shapes. Larger blades take more strength to push the blade through the water. This can be a factor for those that may not have good upper strength. The type of material used in the paddle will depend if you want a lightweight paddle or one that is heavier. If you kayak in tranquil waters for leisure, you may want to choose a lightweight paddle.

The best method of choosing a paddle is to visit a sporting goods store. You can hold each paddle to make sure you find one that has a comfortable grip. You will also be able to determine if the paddle is the best weight for you.

The benefit of taking a class is you will also learn about water safety and canoe safety. The class will provide you with the necessary knowledge to enjoy a safe canoeing experience.

You do not have to invest money in a canoe until you feel it is an activity you want to do on a regular basis. You may want to begin with renting canoes until you feel it will be worth the investment to buy your own canoe.

Canoeing is actually a relaxing water sport as you meaner your canoe through beautiful and peaceful scenery. Canoeing is a wonderful activity for those that love nature and the outdoors. It is also a fantastic family activity or a fun group activity.

Before you go on your first canoe trip, you will want to get a backpack and fill it with necessary items for your trip. You will want to take snacks such as trail mix or even pack some sandwiches. You will also want to include a first aid kit, bug spray and sunscreen. If you bring your cell phone, you will need to place it in an airtight plastic bag. Just in case, your backpack ends up in the water.

Learning to paddle properly and use the paddle as a rudder to steer the canoe takes practice. The more you canoe the better you will get at controlling the canoe. You will see improvement after just a couple of canoe trips. As you improve, you can take longer canoe trips and maneuver like a pro.

Before choosing a trip, check the length of the trip. Initially, you will want to choose trips that may be four or five miles. Once you become adept, you can choose longer trips.

While most people feel they can figure out kayaking on their own, a class can provide a great deal of benefits. Most classes will offer a brief kayak safety course in addition to paddling lessons. You do not have to take a week long course to learn how to kayak. Many classes are a half day or full day. The full day classes are mainly to give you ample time to practice.

An instructor can help you learn to paddle efficiently. Many people do not paddle properly and expend a great deal of energy. An instructor can teach you to paddle without using up all or your energy. An instructor can also provide tips so your arms do not become tired. Many people think they have to have great upper body strength to kayak. However, proper paddling technique is more important.

If you cannot find a class, you can join a local kayaking group. These groups welcome beginners and many of the experienced members enjoy teaching beginners. This is a fantastic way to learn about kayaking. In addition, you will meet new people with similar interests. You will always have a group of people to go kayaking with and enjoy the outdoors. The benefit of joining a group is the advice and knowledge you will gain from experienced members. Group members can help you choose a kayak, paddles and equipment.

Whether you join a group or take a class in your local community, you will enjoy learning to kayak safely. Once you have taken a class, you will want to meet other kayakers. You will find many clubs or groups in your local area that provide planned trips and outings.

The kayak most people think about is the rigid kayak. The plastic kayak is the cheapest and also the heaviest. The plastic kayaks are tough and can take a beating; however, the kayaks are difficult to repair once the kayaks are damaged.

The fiberglass kayak is more expensive than the plastic model; however, the fiberglass kayaks are much lighter. The fiberglass kayaks can be damaged easily, but can be repaired easier.

The composites like Kevlar, carbon fiber and graphite are the lightest kayaks. However, they tend to be more expensive. Many people like the wood kayaks for the aesthetic value. The wood kayaks are easily repaired; however, the wood kayaks need routine maintenance.

The folding kayaks are made of fabric that is stretch over an aluminum or wood frame. These kayaks tend to last longer than the hard shell kayaks. However, the folding kayaks are typically more expensive. The benefit is the folding kayaks are portable and easily stored.

The inflatable kayaks are easy to store and easy to transport. Most of the time these kayaks are the least expensive option. This can be a great option if you are just getting into kayaking.

The type of kayak you choose will depend on how you are going to use your kayak. For example, if you plan to use it on tranquil waterways, then you could choose to buy an inflatable kayak. If you plan to use it in white water rapids, you may want to choose a hard shell kayak. Your budget will also influence your decision in choosing a kayak.

The Coast Guard has developed a series of classifications for common flotation devices. Most people wear a Type I or Type II device, which is the large bulky orange life jackets. These are functional, however, when canoeing or kayaking the jackets get in the way. You should choose a Type III jacket that is specifically designed for canoeing or kayaking. These jackets are less bulky and designed to be less restricting.

It is important that you choose the proper size and fit. Most life jackets are adjustable to customize the fit. Try on the life jacket and adjust the straps to make sure it will fit properly. The life jacket should fit snuggly without restricting your movement. It should not be so large that it will easily slip off.

Many life jackets have outside compartments to hold a small flashlight and knife. You want to choose a jacket with compartments. Most have mesh pockets and you can put items such as lip balms and a whistle in the pockets.

Make sure you choose a life jacket that is a bright neon color. The brighter the color the better. Bright colors are easily spotted by rescuers and the colors will draw attention.

Expensive does not always mean better. Simply choose a life jacket that is the best fit, contains a few small pockets and is a bright color. There are many affordable brands that are just as effective as more expensive life jackets.

Make sure you wear your life jacket on every trip. It is only effective if you wear it and if an accident happens, you may not have time to put on your jacket.

These tips apply whether you are sailing, kayaking or canoeing:

Life jackets are one of the most important items to staying safe on the water ways. Yet, most people do not wear life jackets. It is important to always wear your life jacket regardless of how experienced you are.

Before spending any time outdoors, make sure you are properly hydrated. Also, keep sufficient water with you or make sure you will have access to water. Especially if you are canoeing or kayaking. You may be amazed how much water your body loses during these activities.

You may be with a group of adults and you simply want to have a great time. To be safe, make sure you do not drink alcohol while using any water vehicle. Many water accidents are alcohol related. The water ways are really no place for alcohol.

It is also recommended you use a good bug spray. The sweat from your body will attract many bugs particularly mosquitoes. If you scratch a bug bit you will have an open wound which can become infected.

To enjoy your outdoor experience, make sure you wear a waterproof sunscreen. You do not want to end your day with a terrible sunburn. If you our outdoors for most of the day, you will want to take the opportunity to reapply sunscreen at least every three hours.

Make sure you take every safety precaution to make ensure you have a safe and fun experience.

Ivan Lawler was born on November 19, 1966. Lawler, a British marathon canoeist,  competed during the late 1980s and 1990s. Although he competed in three Summer Olympics games without advancing to the finals, he earned five gold and two silver medals while competing at the canoe marathon world championships. He also came home with a gold and silver medal after racing in the K-2 10000 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships.

Anna Hemmings is also an internationally recognized British marathon and sprint canoeist. Hemmings raced during the 1990s and 2000s. She’s best known for earning six championship gold medals. Hemmings also competed during the 2000 and 2008 Summer Olympics, but was eliminated both times during the semifinals.

Inna Volodymyrivna Osipenko-Radomska—born on September 20, 1982—is an Ukrainian sprint canoeist. She has competed for about ten years and has several significant wins under her belt. She has earned a gold, two silvers and a bronze at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships. Osipenko-Radomska has also raced in three Summer Olympics, winning two gold medals in the K-1 500 m race and a bronze.

British sprint kayaker Tim Brabants has been competing since the late nineties. He earned a bronze medal at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the K-1 1000 m event. He also won the gold medal at the 2008 Olympics in the same event.

Born on January 2, 1986, Nicole Reinhardt has been competing in sprint canoeing since 1993. Reinhardt is best known for earning the gold at the 2008 Olympics in the K-4 500 m event. She’s experienced great success at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships, winning eleven medals total, including six golds.

It’s believed that, in 1962, Frank Brown and Bill “Big Willie” George took a motorless boat from San Marcos to Corpus Christi. The journey took about 30 days, and the pair thought it so enjoyable that they decided others should have the opportunity to make the trek.

During the race, participants must use a human-powered boat and need to carry all provisions and equipment from the start of the race. Racers can only purchase water and ice while on the journey. Each team must have a designated captain who will trail the team by car or bicycle to note their location and warn them of any bad conditions that lay ahead. However, these captains may only provide verbal assistance to the other members of the team. Participants must finish the race in no more than 100 hours; many need to travel nonstop through the night, pausing only for brief periods of rest. However, they may need to gauge how long they can rest by the twelve checkpoint cutoff times.

Racers will experience rough waters and rapids along the course. There are also dangers such as sweepers, fallen trees, dams and logjams. In addition to being disqualified for missing cutoff times, many racers have not reached the finish line because their boats have been destroyed in the bad conditions.

The fastest time ever recorded at the Texas Water Safari was in 1997, when a team finished in 29 hours and 46 minutes. The youngest finisher was nine-year-old Jessica Bugge.

With the race spanning the state of Missouri, racers pass through many towns and hamlets, where they can stop to resupply or rest. Racers certainly have a scenic course to take; the Missouri River is filled with long, quiet stretches and lush wildlife.

However, most racers (or at least those aiming to win) won’t have time to enjoy the sights. Competitors have only 88 hours to complete the course. Throughout the race, paddlers must check in at nine various pit stops on their way to the finish line. If racers do not reach the checkpoints in a certain amount of time (there are cutoff times based on the 88 hour pace), they will be disqualified. About 1/3 of the teams were disqualified in 2009’s event for not keeping up with the pace.

Despite the tough requirements, race officials work to keep the paddlers safe. The U.S. Coast Guard marks the course with mile markers, so the probability of getting lost on the course is slim. Racers are also provided with a guide that outlines what to do in case of an emergency.

In 2009, canoer Santo Albright took first place, with an overall time of 44 minutes and 54 seconds. Jason Locke came in second, with a time of 47 minutes and 30 seconds Travis Konda came in third, clocking in at 51 minutes and five seconds.

Canoe marathons feature paddling for long distances on rivers, lakes or the sea. Marathons require extreme endurance, because there are no maximum distances for the events. Some of the toughest marathons include the Yukon 1000, which involves 1,000 miles on the Yukon from Whitehorse to the last road entrance on the river in Alaska. Devizes to Westminster Marathon in England, which is about 125 miles; the Texas Water Safari, which is 262 miles and the Missouri River 340, which involves 340 nonstop miles.

Canoe sprints, meanwhile, require extreme precision and efficient paddling to achieve top speeds. These sprints take place on straight, calm waters divided into lanes. Distances for these races vary; racers either compete in the 200 meter, 500 meter and 1,000 meter events. Canoe sprints have been included in the Summer Olympic Games since 1936 for men and 1948 for women.

Another form of canoe racing includes canoe orienteering. These events, called a canoe-O, are timed races in which racers begin at staggered intervals and must perform all navigation on their own. The events take place on bodies of water with intricate shorelines and many small islands. The must follow an orienteering map and visit a number of different control points, which they can reach in any order they choose. Racers who successfully visit the control points in the shortest amount of time are the winners.

At Wilderness Tours on the Ottawa River in Ontario, Canada, for instance, children learn basic skills and have the opportunity to perfect their technique. With the beginner’s class, children can spend two, three or five days learning flat water strokes. Teens can also participate in the Teen Resident Kayak Camp with Wilderness Tours, which aims to foster youth development through kayaking. The program is designed for teens ages twelve to sixteen. The kayak camp allows teens to experience kayaking for the first time, and can be the first step toward getting a summer job as a river guide or kayak instructor. Especially advanced teens can participate in the Teen Keener Program, which aims to produce junior paddlers who can compete and win internationally.

Zoar Outdoor in Charlemont, Massachusetts, also has kayaking options for children. For instance, during the one-day Kids Kayak Craze, children ages ten to thirteen will participate in a one-day clinic on the Deerfield River. Kids will work with an ACA certified instructor to learn basic paddling and safety techniques. They’ll also learn river-running, including on ferries, peel outs and eddy turns on Class I or II whitewater rapids.

Zoar Outdoor also offers family beginner clinics so that the whole family can participate in the adventure. Instructors use a games-oriented approach to learn how to paddle on flatwater as well as moving waters and whitewater rapids.

Adirondack Exposure in Old Forge, New York, runs May through October, offering classes in whitewater kayaking, flatwater and sea kayaking, canoeing and wilderness skills.

The Bear Paw Outdoor Adventure Resort in White Lake, Wisconsin, is one of the top paddling schools in the Midwest. Paddlers can explore the scenic Wolf River in Wisconsin while there learning the sport of kayaking for the first time or working to perfect their skills. The Level 1 session allows students to learn and build on the basics. The session also includes a kayak rolling clinic. The Level 3, or intermediate class, includes a three-day session to perfect techniques and learn kayak surfing during a clinic that teaches students to surf on river waves and holes.

The White Water Learning Center of Georgia in Atlanta, Georgia, works to provide outdoor lovers with river paddling skills at a reasonable cost. Classes here promote river safety and help students increase their environmental awareness. The school offers whitewater kayak classes that help students work on stroke techniques and river running skills in class II rapids.

With the Madawaska Kanu Centre in Barrys Bay, Ontario, you can choose a five-day whitewater excursion or a weekend clinic. Students will learn on the Madawaska River, an ideal river for kayaking thanks to its warm, clean currents and scenic setting.

For beginners, the fundamental courses are designed to give novice a quick introduction to kayaking. During the Fundamentals I course, for instance, students will be introduced to kayaking equipment, the marine environment and sea kayaking safety. They’ll learn paddling basics, including forward, stopping and reversing and sweep strokes.

Meanwhile, Fundamentals II will help kayakers build a confident stroke and perfect assisted and Eskimo rescues. And, in Fundamentals III, students have the opportunity to apply their basic strokes to the Hudson River tidal currants. Finally, the Fundamentals IV class covers intermediate paddling skills, hanging draws and high braces.

Once you master the basics, keep perfecting your skills with one of New York Kayak Company’s paddling workshop. During the Practice Paddle, for instance, is a two-hour refinement course intended to help students refine skills and become “river savvy.” And, during the Uptown Paddle, students can develop their paddling stamina and improve boat control. Students and instructors paddle north, often against the currant. The Uptown Paddle is an ideal way to see the city and experience the energy of the Hudson River.

For more experienced kayakers, the company offers guided tours of famed New York sights, from Coney Island and the Statue of Liberty to Hoboken Cove.

Martha Vineyard’s Ocean Sports, for instance, is a one-stop shop for trying out all the ocean sports the island features. Vacationers can rent top-of-the-line Yamaha jet skis to cruise around the island. Jet Skiers can also opt to take a guided tour with Martha’s Vineyard Ocean Sports. The two-hour guided tour starts in Oak Bluff’s and continues toward Edgartown. You’ll learn facts about the island and get to spot Cape Pogue and Chappiquidick Island. After taking a break to relax on the beach, you’ll zip back to the tour’s starting point.

Martha Vineyard’s Ocean Sports also features waterskiing, wake boarding, kneeboarding and tubing. Up to six people can go out on the chartered boat to enjoy the water sports. Even if you’re a beginner wanting to waterski for the first time, the professionals at Martha’s Vineyard Ocean Sports will assist you on the water.

If kayaking and canoeing is more up your alley, try Winds Up Natural Watersports. The company offers kayak and canoe rentals, along with stand-up paddleboats, sailboats and windsurfing. Winds Up also lessons in a number of water sports. Beginner kayakers can learn to master the basic skills during one of Winds Up Natural Watersports classes. Or, if you’re more of an advanced kayaker, ask for Winds Up’ kayak and windsurf guide to discover the best locations on Martha’s Vineyard that have public access.

At the Otter Bar Lodge Kayak School, both beginners and expert kayakers are welcome. In the beginners’ class, students will learn the basics, including an introduction to equipment, the strokes and boat control. Students will also learn rescue techniques, including an introduction to the Eskimo Roll, and wet exits. During the beginners’ class, students will be kayaking on waters with small ripples and waves, which have little danger to the kayakers.

Once kayakers feel they have mastered the basics of the sport, they can move on to the intermediate class at Otter Bay. This class is designed for kayakers who have had some experience with whitewater rapids. Students here will be learning in Class II plus and Class III minus rapids, and will work on perfecting ferrying, draw strokes, eddy hopping and bracing.

The Advanced class at Otter Bay is intended for kayakers who are confident in hard rapids; paddlers should be experienced in class IV whitewater. Students in this class will work on play boating skills and river running.

Once you’re comfortable with your kayaking skills, take a kayaking trip with Otter Bay to enjoy the sport in a scenic location. For instance, the school offers an annual Grand Canyon Trip, which features a 15-day guided trip.

In the Water

To be a responsible paddler, you should be able to swim in moving water, in currents and surfs, and underwater. You should be in full control of your boat at all times, and always, always, wear a life-jacket.

You should know the techniques for entering, exiting, and re-entering your boat. You should also learn how to help others back into the raft.

On the Water

You should know your limitations, and make a plan that takes into consideration the distance you can safely paddle, and how long it will take you to get there and back.

Be courteous of landowners and anglers, and be aware of other boats and boat traffic. Paddlers should also know about the effect water conditions have on boating.

Water Conditions

In slow moving, calm waters; keep an eye out for any safety warning signs. Ensure that other paddlers or boaters can see you, and observe any changes in weather conditions, especially fog.

In rivers and in whitewater, stay on the inside of the curves. Watch for large branches from fallen trees, or jagged rocks. Keep on the lookout for pilings left from construction sites. Obstructions in the water can tangle you or your raft up, while allowing the water to continue flowing.

In coastal regions, be sure to stay near to the shore. Pay special attention to the wind and wave conditions and look out for fog, because these elements have an effect on your direction of travel. Also, be aware of the tide currents.

Other Responsibilities

Aside from being cordial to other boaters, be courteous to the wildlife habitats in the waters where you are paddling. Never litter and always take your trash with you.

A skilled paddler knows how to be safe on the water, while protecting the safety of other paddlers, wildlife, and the environment.

Many people regard life-jackets as heavy and awkward to wear, but many different types of life-jackets exist today. Here is a list of different types of life-jackets categorized by the US Coast Guard:

Flotation Aids*

Shorter vests recommended for canoeing, kayaking and other paddle sports, considered the most comfortable personal flotation device.

Lifesaving Buoys and Cushions

Boaters use these flotation aids in addition to a personal flotation device worn by swimmers, by throwing them into the water. These include boat cushions, and horseshoe or ring buoys.

Near Shore Buoyant Vest

Used when dinghy sailing, water skiing, or wind surfing, these personal flotation devices will not turn a swimmer face up in the water, but are used when fast rescue is close at hand, and in calm waters.

Offshore Life-jacket

Anglers and other commercial users wear the offshore life-jackets. These are ideal for those who also wear heavy protective clothing in case of extreme conditions on the water, such as rough seas and open water. These personal floating devices make sure the swimmer is floating in the proper position, with nose and mouth clear of the surface of the water.

Special Use Life-jacket*

These special life-jackets include deck suits, rescue and work vests. These vests are inflatable to use for additional flotation aid by adding internal buoyancy.

*Flotation Aids and Special Use Life-jackets are inflatable. They are comfortable to wear and rescuers can easily see them in the water. These both turn most boaters face up, when used in the proper way.

Lifesaving Facts:

· Life-jackets provide an extra layer essential for unpredictable weather conditions

· 85% of canoe fatalities and 48% of kayak fatalities occurred because of the absence of life-jackets

· An experienced paddler is four times more likely to wear a life-jacket

Demonstration sports, officially introduced in the 1912 Summer Olympics, did not count as official medal-awarded games. Between 1912 and 1992, only two Summer Olympic competitions did not include a demonstration sport.

The Summer Olympics of 1924 featured races between the Washington Canoe Club and the Canadian Canoe Association. Events included one, two, and four oarsmen in the modern canoe style of single-end paddles and in the modern kayak style of double-end paddles.

The winner of the one oarsman; single paddle race was Roy C. Nurse from Canada. Roy was an alumnus from the YMCA Camp Pine Crest. It is a summer camp in Muskoka Lakes, Ontario. In 2010, The YMCA Camp Pine Crest celebrated its 100th anniversary.

Everyone that attended Pine Crest went on a canoe trip during his or her session. The length of the canoeing trip varied according to the length of the session and the age of the camper.

The winner of the one oarsman; double paddle race was C. W. Havens. Havens, along with Harry T. Knight Jr, also won the two oarsmen; double paddle. Both Havens and Knight also came in second in the four oarsmen, double paddle race with team members J. F. Larcombe, and Karl M. Knight.

Charles Havens, Harry Knight, Karl Knight, and Larcombe were all members of the Washington Canoe Club.

The Washington Canoe Club began in 1904. Members of the club built a structure on the edge of the Potomac. The club’s main objective was promoting and improving the art of canoeing. At the time, the club also supported boxing, bowling, swimming, and water polo competitions. Improvements in industry gave people more time for leisure activities.

The sport of canoeing became a full medal sport in the Olympics in 1936.

The parts of a kayak include the:

· Bow

The front of the boat

· Deck

The top of the boat

· Stern

The rear of the boat

· Hatch

Watertight and airtight; providing flotation for the kayak, with openings that allows access.

· Cockpit

This is the place where you sit in the kayak.

· Bulkhead

A waterproof partition that separates the cockpit from the hatch

· Foot-braces or Foot-pegs

Where you place your feet to brace you in the boat, for comfort and control

· Toggles or grab loops

A short rope with grab handle threaded though the bow and stern, used for carrying the kayak.

A spraydeck covers the kayak’s cockpit and keeps the kayak and the paddler, dry. It attaches to the edge of the cockpit and prevents water or spray from waves from entering the cockpit. In some kayaks, spraydecks make it possible for the paddler to right the boat if it capsizes.

In some modern designs of kayaks, there are no cockpits. Paddlers sit on top of the boat, and have air chambers surrounding the boat. Other designs use propulsion methods, eliminating paddles.

The length and design of a kayak determines its speed. Generally, the different kayak lengths are:

Playboat Kayaks: 5-6 feet

Playboat kayaks are for performing tricks in the water.

Recreational Kayaks: 9–14 feet

Recreational kayaks are for the casual paddler, used for fishing and photography. Some fishing kayaks have outriggers to stabilize the kayak enough for fishing or paddling while standing. They normally have larger cockpits to make entering and exiting easier.

Sea or Touring Kayaks: 16-19 feet

Sea kayaks are for one, two, or three paddlers, on the open water.

Whitewater Kayaks: 5-12 feet

These are for moving bodies of water from softly moving water, to challenging river rapids.

Early canoes made by the local people of different regions used natural materials. With modern technology, canoes now come in varying designs.

List of traditionally designed canoes:

• Birch-bark

In the calmer regions of east North America, people made canoes out of wood for the frame and covered it with the bark of a birch tree. They slanted it to make it waterproof.

• Dugout

Fishermen on the west coast of North America made canoes out of hollowed logs. In some cultures, the dugout canoes had outriggers.

• Voyageur

Voyageur canoes were similar to birch-bark canoes but larger, capable of carrying ten to twenty people and more than 3000 pounds of cargo, and used by fur traders.

• War

Warriors dug out a huge tree trunk using fire and hand tools. They also used fire to discharge the sap. They used the sap as an insect-repellent. War canoes were large enough to hold benches and sleeping births for the warriors, armed with bows, shields, and spears.

• Wood-and-canvas

Adding canvas to the birch bark canoes happened in the late 19th century, when people found that canvas was easy to attain.

Canoe manufacturers make modern canoes from a blend of designs, depending on the intended use. They make solo canoes for one person, tandem canoes for two people, and some designed for more than two.

Modern canoe designs include:

Inflatable, long-distance touring, outriggers, and play boating decked canoes. There are also prospector, racing, squared stern, touring, and whitewater shalom canoes.

Canoeists have different reasons for sailing out onto the water. There is a canoe for every type of on-the-water activity. From leisure time out on the lake, to racing down the rapids, there is a style of canoe for everyone’s needs.

The word canoe has several dictionary meanings. As a noun, it means any slender, open boat, tapered to a point at both ends, and propelled by paddles. As a verb, it means to paddle a canoe or go in a canoe.

Canoes, sometimes powered by sails, or small gas or electric motors, are normally open at the top, but you can cover a canoe in the same way a kayak is covered.

The standard parts of a canoe include the following:

• Bow

The bow, designed to reduce the resistance of the hull as it cuts through the water, is the point of a canoe that is most forward when the canoe is underway.

• Stern

The stern is the back part of a canoe that lies opposite of the bow. A white navigation light, used at night, indicates the stern of any vessel.

• Hull

The hull is the watertight body of a canoe. Depending upon the needs of the canoeist, canoe hulls come in a variety of shapes, and combination of shapes. The waterline is the line where the hull meets the water’s surface.

• Thwart

The thwart is a crossbeam positioned horizontally, that lies near the top of the hull. A thwart increases the strength of a hull. It also serves as a seat upon which a canoeist sits and as a place to secure bags and gear.

• Gunwale (pronounced gunnel)

The gunwale, runs alongside the top edge of a hull, normally made of aluminum, polyester, or wood, and attached to the thwart(s), for reinforcement.

• Deck

The deck is the permanent covering over the hull of a canoe, a roof over the hull. It strengthens the hull with a flotation compartment or foam block underneath to prevent the canoe from sinking if capsized.

Many of the names for the parts of a canoe apply to all boats and ships.

Wearing a lifejacket is really a matter of life and death when you are out on the water, and is the first rule to remember.

Never go canoeing while intoxicated. Being in full control of your mental faculties is of the utmost importance in guaranteeing a safe canoeing trip.

Avoid paddling a canoe alone. Starting at a young age, everyone learns about the buddy system. There really is safety in numbers, especially when it involves water sports or activities.

Evaluate your skill levels regarding swimming, paddling, and knowledge of what to do in cases of extreme weather conditions. Checking the weather forecast will help you avoid going out on the water during a storm if you are not aware of the precautions you need to take for such times.

Learn the proper hand signals used by divers, swimmers, and other canoeists because communication among the members in your party is essential. Weather conditions, such as wind and rain, and the sounds on waterways, can obstruct hearing.

Be on the lookout for any warning signs regarding the safety and conditions of the area where you plan to launch your canoe. Regardless of the lack of warnings, keep an eye out for any potential hazards, such as obstructions in the water like rocks, branches of trees, and other debris.

Make sure nothing is dangling or hanging out of the canoe, such as rope, to avoid entrapment. Also, do not tie anyone in or onto the canoe.

Control the pace of your paddling, by pay attention to other members that may tire more easily. Slow it down to a pace they can maintain. Do not stand up in your canoe. Additionally, try to distribute the weight on either side of the canoe, to avoid capsizing.

If you plan to go canoeing frequently, these rules should become second nature.

Once you have decided where you will be venturing off to in a canoe, gather whatever information you can about the area. Things you will want to know are:

• How far will you travel?

Maps, travelogues, and Internet resources regarding waterways of all sizes, are great places to find out the size of the expanse you will travel in, in your canoe. These sources of information will also help you determine what you will need to bring with you, on your trip:

• What are the characteristics of your designated stream or river?

Knowing in advance about the existence of certain hazards, like rocks or fallen trees, formations around, through, or under the waterway, is significantly important. So are tricky rapids you may encounter.

• What will the weather be like?

Wind, rain, and fog can make for perilous conditions that can affect your canoeing trip. Check weather forecasts ahead of time. Unusual weather conditions including storms, melting ice or snow, and torrential rain require special considerations when you plan to be out on the water.

• What is the experience level of all canoeists?

Familiarize yourself with the abilities of others joining you on your canoeing trip. Be aware of their physical abilities or restrictions, as well as their canoeing and paddling skill levels. Know which members are expert swimmers and which ones are not. Also, know the level of their canoeing experience.

• Who else knows about your trip?

Tell family members, friends, and coworkers where you are going, who will be with you, and how long you expect to be gone. Additionally, give them the information about the area where you will be canoeing.

Preparation is vital prior to a canoeing trip, to enable you to deal with unexpected circumstances that could arise while canoeing.

If you’ve never tried kayaking before, Chicago offers plenty of help for beginners. Kayak Chicago, for instance, offers an intro to kayaking class, where you’ll learn the basics of kayaking, how to paddle, how to get in and out of a kayak and what to do if the boat capsizes. Lasting four hours, the class takes place in Lake Michigan, off the shores of Montrose Beach.

Once you learn the basics, you can further your knowledge of the sport during the intermediate class with Kayak Chicago. In this class, you’ll continue to learn basic and advanced paddling skills as well as how to effectively control your boat with your body.

Advanced kayakers can also participate in Kayak Chicago’s classes; in the advanced class you’ll learn to become confident in more challenging situations, such as in rougher waters with quick-moving currents. You’ll also master paddling waves above three feet, deep-water rescues and navigation.

Once you’ve mastered kayaking, hit the water on a summer night or crisp fall day and enjoy the sights that Chicago has to offer. Kayak Chicago also features a Fireworks Paddle, where participants can kayak down the Chicago River and end their tour by watching a fireworks show off Navy Pier. Kayakers can also opt for the architectural tour and paddle through Chicago’s famed loop area while learning the history of the Windy City’s skyscrapers. Other tours with Kayak Chicago include the Night Paddle, Sunset Paddle and Lake Paddle.

Although specific waterways, under local or state law may require you to bring additional supplies, the following is a list of what you should bring with you on a canoe trip.

The first list includes items you would take along with you on extended car rides or on a hiking trip. These are the “in case” items:

• fresh water and a water bottle
• food and snacks
• first aid kit
• sun block
• bug repellant

The food and water are basic elements you will need should your trip take longer than expected. Sun block and bug repellant will come in handy depending on the weather and the area where you will set out into the water. A first aid kit is a good idea to take when you venture away from the comforts of home.

If you run into any trouble while out on the water, the items in this next list will help you get out of most situations:

• sponge or a water pump
• whistle or a horn
• dry bag
• throw bag or towrope
• spare paddle

The whistle or horn will provide you with a way of sending a signal to others that you need assistance. A throw bag usually will have a length of rope inside that will serve the same purpose as a towrope. Either one will come in handy if a fellow canoeist winds up in the water. The water pump will help you drain excess water out of the canoe.

Experienced canoeists may also take along lights or beacons, flotation devices, maps or charts, a compass, and a two-way radio.

There is no way to predict what may occur while canoeing. Take all these items along with you when you go canoeing. Being prepared for anything will allow you to relax and enjoy your canoeing adventure.

Always wear a lifejacket for any water sport. It could save your life.

Feet:

Many marathon runners, joggers, and baseball players know how important protecting your feet is when performing rigorous activities. This is especially true for canoeing. You need to protect your feet from rocks and stones in the water. You also need to keep your feet dry and warm.

There are shoes designed specifically for this kind of protection, called river shoes. These shoes are much like an expensive pair of low-top sneakers that fit tightly around your ankle, reinforced at the toe with waterproof material, sturdy enough to guard against foot and toe wounds, while canoeing.

Head:

Your head needs protection as well. If you will be whitewater canoeing, you should wear a helmet in case your canoe overturns or you wind up in the water. A helmet will provide protection from the rocks.

Depending on the weather conditions, a large hat much like the one some wear to the beach; will protect the top of your head and your face from the sun. In cold or cooler weather, a warm cap or hat will prevent heat from escaping.

The rest:

Similar to the way you dress in any weather, wearing layers of clothing that are waterproof or that soaks up less water, such as polypropylene, is great for canoeing. Fewer layers for warm weather and an extra supply of clothing in colder weather is the best.

You can also take off a layer or two if you are two warm, and you will be prepared with a change of clothes or extra clothes if you get chilly. Take a rain jacket in case of wet weather. If insects are a problem, wear long sleeved clothing for protection.

Now you know what to wear before you go canoeing.

Though kayaks and canoes have been used as a form of transportation for centuries, there are many other activities associated with these boats. From outdoor recreation and exercise to sports and touring, kayaking and canoeing attracts all kinds of people with varying skill levels. Both activities can be experienced in different types of water, from oceans to lakes to rivers (both slow-flowing and “whitewater”).

For kayaks, one popular use is kayak diving, which requires divers to paddle in a kayak, carrying all their gear, to a diving site. Surf kayaking is a sport where kayakers surf ocean waves in the vessel. Popular uses for canoes include marathons (over long distances on rivers, lakes or the open sea) and sailing (fitting a canoe with sails).

For individuals with a competitive spirit, canoe slaloms, canoe racing and canoe polo are common water sports. The aim of a canoe slalom, or whitewater slalom, is to make the fastest time through a course of gates and rapids in a kayak or canoe. Canoe racing is similar to the slalom in terms of tracking time, through sprints and marathons take place on “flat” water. Canoe or kayak polo, a ball sport on played on water “field,” is comprised of two teams of five players (each in a kayak). The object of the game is to score goals into the opponent’s goal in a certain amount of time.

Other activities that use kayaks and canoes are canoe camping, squirt boating and playboating. Canoe camping is similar to backpacking, however campers use a canoe or kayak to travel from destination points. Both squirt boating and playboating are performed during whitewater canoeing or kayaking. With squirt boating, paddlers must stay afloat in the lowest volume of water possible. Playboating requires paddlers to perform technical moves in a “playspot,” or one place.

Just like any other activity, the art of sailing has common terminology associated with its practice. For specific parts of the vessel, for calling directions when navigating a boat, or for ropes and lines fsailing typically uses common nautical terminology.

When giving directions on a sailing boat, the following traditional nautical terms are used: “starboard” for right, “port” for left, “fore” or “forward” for front, “aft” for the rear. Parts of a vessel are commonly known as the “bow” (for the forward part of the hull), the “stern” (the rearward part of the hull) and the “beam” (or widest part of the vessel). Masts are known as vertical spars. Horizontal spars are called booms, gaffs, or poles–all dependent on how the spars distance to the sailor.

When the term “rope” is used in sailing, it usually refers to simply raw material. However, some terms incorporate rope into its name. Such examples include a bell rope (to ring the bell) and a bolt rope (used to give sail extra strength).

When a rope receives a specific purpose on a boat, it may be called a line, an outhaul line or a dock line. For lines that are especially thick, it is called a cable. Lines that bear masts are usually made of steel cables. Collectively, these stationary lines are called the “standing rigging.” Singular lines of this nature are referred to as stays or shrouds.

Lines that are not stationary are called a sailing boat’s “running rigging.” Specific terminology for moveable lines include “halyards” for lines that raise sails, and “downhauls” or “cunninghams” for lines that strike sails. When a boat is tied up next to a dock, lines are called ducklings, docking cables or mooring warps.

Other sailing terms include bulkheads, which refer to the walls of a vessel. Soles or decks are the vessel’s floors. The kitchen on a sailing boat is known as the galley while the toilet is called the head.

Canoeing is an activity that uses a canoe, a small boat with pointed ends. To move through water, a person uses a paddle with a single blade while kneeling or sitting in a raised seat. Canoes typically are used by two people and may be powered by sails or a small motor–though usually this unique boat is human-powered. Canoes usually have an open top, but can also be “decked over” or covered.

Kayaking is a slim boat, also with pointed ends, and has a covered deck. Kayakers move through water using a paddle with a blade on each end, sitting in a low seat and legs extended. The cockpit of a kayak is covered by a spraydeck, which keeps the lower portion of a paddler’s body dry. Sit-on-top kayaks also exist, as do inflatable kayaks which do not have decks but air chambers surrounding the vessel. In places such as the United Kingdom, kayaks are considered a type of canoe.

People canoe and kayak for many reasons. It is practiced as a form of exercise, outdoor recreation and as a sport. Canoeing and kayaking also is used for travel and transport, to explore different geographic locations (for example, as a tourist) or as a form of boating (to focus on other water activities like fishing).

Some techniques shared by kayaking and canoeing include portage and kluning. Portage is the act of carrying cargo or watercraft over land between two bodies of water or to avoid any river or lake obstacles. Kluning refers to when an obstacle blocks the way of a kayak or canoe and the vessel must be taken out of the water.

A great canoe trip will have been planned well. Campers will be prepared both mentally and physically for the trip, and equipped with the right paraphernalia and attitude to handle any challenges or surprises that may occur. For those planning their first trip, it may be best try pick a destination that is relatively easy and relaxing. Be realistic about your level of skill and the kind of equipment you have and plan a maiden voyage accordingly.

Once you’ve evaluated your comfort level, athletic ability and equipment, you may begin to think about your actual destination. Whether it is wildlife watching, fishing, majestic views of nature or simply quiet time and solitude canoe campers can choose from any number of destinations across the country. Contacting a local parks service or checking out guidebooks areas is a great way to learn about canoe camping spots.

Planning a trip when weather is pleasant is also recommended. For first time canoe campers, navigating through harsh conditions can be challenging and even dangerous. It is also important to keep in mind of when one should begin their expedition. Plan a canoe camping trip around known factors such as tidal cycles or winds patterns. Seasonal attributes like water levels of rivers or bug population (like mosquitoes) should also be noted.

Make sure to study maps to give yourself a mental image of what you’ll see and problems that may arise. Point out potential camping spots and or hazards that may be encountered on the trip.

As final preparation, try a shorter outdoor adventure a week or two before the canoe trip to get you excited for your water adventure!

Like any other outdoor adventure, canoe camping requires a list of gear and equipment that every backpacker should have. Though having a canoe allows campers more space for gear, that doesn’t mean a person should take anything that will fit in the boat. Don’t weigh yourself down with too many things as it may be laborious and time consuming to carry and pack on trip.

In addition to a canoe, campers should start with outdoor essentials. This includes typical camping gear like a sleeping bag, sleeping pad or mattress, and a tent. Depending on the weather, bring weather-resistant gear that will keep your body’s temperature at a comfortable level. It is also advisable to bring a small camping stove (with gas, matches and associated accessories) for all your water needs.

Other camping basics include cooking equipment, headlamps, lanterns and flashlights, and water bottles. Extra clothing and first aid kits (with bandages and ointments) are also good to have on hand. Bug repellent, sunscreen and basic toiletries are often forgotten, but essential out supplies. Repair kits, dry bags and a small shovel (to bury human waste) are camping must-haves as well.

For campers who love gadgets, campfire coffee makers, portable showers or any other outdoor luxury items may also make the list of equipment to bring. Feel free to take along such items, but limit yourself to just a few. Miscellaneous camping items that may improve the comfort levels of a trip include:

1.) A small, foldable camping chair for use after a long day of paddling in the water. A lightweight chair is great right by the fire or if sitting on the ground is too hard.
2.) A cooler to carry perishable items or cold beverages. Just be sure that the cooler has a latching lid should you capsize.
3.) Daypack: Smaller packs are great to take when you are taking a short hike. Put snacks, beverages and a camera in your bag before adventuring.

1.) Use waterproof material. Nothing is worse than having a wet pack with wet clothes and a soggy sleeping bag and tent. Make sure your equipment is water-resistant. Even if you don’t expect the weather to cold and damp, water will still be a constant factor on your trip. Water may collect at the bottom of the boat from “paddle drip” or wet feet. Pack items in dry bags.

2.) Secure items in the canoe. In the event that you capsize, you’ll want to try keeping a hold of your possessions. Make sure hatches as tight when closing gear into a kayak compartment. For open canoes, gear should be tied in so articles don’t shift or dangle off the boat. Take extra precautions and make sure any ties and strap that come with bags are fastened correctly.

3.) Find balance on the boat. Make sure that items are distributed evenly on the kayak or canoe. A boat that is not packed evenly may result in extra work on your body while paddling away. Also keep in mind the paddlers’ body weight(s) and pack items accordingly, especially in a tandem boat.

4.) Divide items according to weight. Keep light gear for the ends of the boat while the heaviest loads towards the middle of the kayak or canoe. This will offer stability as well as easier turning and handling.

5.) Pay attention to your feet. Wear waterproof shoes and don’t pack items around your legs and feet. Recovering from capsizing may be difficult with items tangled around your body.

When canoe camping, make sure you manage your garbage efficiently. Remember that you’ll need to pack out whatever you take in, carrying any waste with you on your canoe or kayak. It is best to do some serious preparation before your trip. When it comes to food, make sure you pack just enough food so you won’t need to throw out food or take home leftovers. Bring a variety of snack items that can eaten completely and without little or no packaging like cheese, bread or fruit. Extend your garbage management by bringing just a few cans and bottles, and considering bringing a kitchen cloth instead of paper towels.

Keep trash in a neat contained container like a dry bag. A plastic bag alone can be flimsy, messy and easily torn into by natural elements (such as strong winds, thick brush or eager animals wanting a snack). Use a dry bag and line it with a bag; this will keep messes under control as well as keep your site and your canoe close to odor free.

When you are by a lake, be sure to do any soapy washing away from the body of water. Roughly 100 feet away from the water is recommended, even if you are washing equipment with biodegradable soap. Do not soak or pre-rinse your pots, pans and camping dishes in a stream or lake. Crumbs and particles of food is still garbage that needs to be taken with you on your journey home. Veggie peelings and eggshells though compostable are still considered garbage in the wilderness.

Boiling water is one way to use untreated water from the river. Be sure to bring the water to a complete and full boil as this will kill bacteria, parasites, viruses and other harmful living organisms. When boiling water for cooking, it would be a good idea to boil a few extra quarts of water for drinking later.

If you are unable to boil river water before using it for cooking and cleaning, iodine treatments are available to treat water. Canoe campers can use special iodine drops and tablets to make their water safe drinking and eating. It is important to follow the instructions carefully and to make sure that the product is complimentary to your medical condition (if you have one). Iodine treatments can be bought any camping or recreational store.

Some canoe campers can try using filters to treat water, though such accessories may clog quickly depending on how much silt is in the water. If used successfully, water may clean up clearly. However, some bacteria or viruses in the water may still exist in the water supply.

Baja California is one water destination suitable for a sea kayaker. The Baja Peninsula, specifically the Sea of Cortes, is a destination that sea kayakers paddle to. It is a peaceful and calm body of water with boisterous wildlife and a beautiful shoreline. Baja Peninsula is known for its population of porpoises and whales that navigate through these waters. The body of water boasts over 600 species of fish many of which attract various breeds of sea birds. The coastline stretches roughly 2000 miles, allowing for many kayakers the opportunity to witness nature firsthand on a boat.

For paddlers in the northeast region of the U.S., the Allagash Wilderness Waterway is an incredible open canoe trip. It is a remote and scenic trip, located in the woods of northern Maine. Paddlers will spend a good portion navigating through several of Maine’s lake in addition to spending time on Allagash River. While moving through a couple of stretches of whitewater, paddlers may also catch glimpses of bears, moose and bald eagles along the way. Another Maine destination is the Maine Island Trail, a long-distance adventure stretching 325 miles from Casco Bay to Machias. Paddle through salt rivers, calm bays and pass islands of various sizes. Some of the islands are owned by the state, which allows sea kayakers to camp in the wilderness.

For residents or tourists of Florida, the Everglades National Park offers exciting adventure for sea kayakers. More than a third of the Everglades Park consists of estuaries and water areas like creeks and bays. Try the 99-mile Wilderness Waterway for sightings of alligators, manatees and birds.

One fundamental kayaking technique involves getting in and out of the boat. This seemingly easy action may result in wet gear or injury if done incorrectly. Make sure everything in your kayak is fastened and seats are in place. Once you are in the water, you may rearrange the gear even out the load.

Turn your kayak in line with the shore (parallel) and position one end of the paddle behind the cockpit. Face the bow and squat next to the kayak while grabbing the paddle (behind your back). Swing your foot (that’s closest to the kayak) into the cockpit and scoot yourself over the edge. Bring your other foot into the cockpit and into the seat. To get out of the kayak, reverse your steps.

Learning the fundamentals of strokes and paddling is also important. Forward paddling requires that kayakers sit upright with feet against the boat’s foot pegs. Paddle position should be perpendicular to the direction of where you’re paddling. Twist the torso while rotating the shoulder forward. Place the blade as far as you can reach in the water and untwist your body and rotate your shoulder back. Then repeat the process on the other side of the boat.

Sweep strokes are similar to paddling, but rather than moving the kayak forward or backward—such strokes turn the kayak. Sweep strokes require that the paddle be pulled through the water in wide arcs that start by your feet and end at the kayak’s stern.

For those interested in kayak fishing, there are many things to considering packing in addition to basic kayaking essentials. Kayak fishermen should bring the right items packed in a dry bag to ensure that their water experience will be a safe one. Such items include food and water, first aid kits and sun protection. But to complete the kayak fishing experience, a kayaker needs to bring the right kind of fishing gear.

The first kind thing to consider is if you want to use fly or bait to catch fish. There are differences in fly-fishing and using bait including the kind of rods and reels are used. The fishing line is also different between bait fishermen and fly fishermen.

Rod and reels is also important equipment to have on your next kayak fishing adventure. Rods come in varying lengths, designs and materials. Fly rods, bait casting rods, spinning rods and trolling rods are just a few varieties of rods available. Rods come in one piece while other may need to be assembled in sections. Common materials to build a rod are wood, fiberglass, bamboo and carbon fiber.

Rods need a reeling mechanism to actually work. Reels also come in all kinds of sizes, shapes and designs though the mechanics stay the same. Reels are used to deploy the fishing line and for retrieving the line. Beginners to kayak fishing may opt for a closed-faced reel that uses a push-button mechanism to release the line during casting; a crank is used to reel the line back. Other reels include spincasters (or spinning reels) and baitcaster reels. These reels require increased experience but can be mastered if used enough times.

Fishing lines is another piece of important kayak fishing equipment. Lines are made of nylon, polyethylene, copolymers or dacron. Monofilament lines are common because it has the ability to stretch when loaded and can float easily in water.

For kayakers looking to try out a fun, fast-paced activity, paddling through a whitewater rapid can be an exhilarating experience. Though you want a bit of a challenge on your ride, you’ll also want to remain realistic about your skill level and physical condition. Experts from American Whitewater, an organization that advocates the preservation of river rapids and rider safety, have calculated difficulty of various the river trails. Called the International Scale of River Difficulty, the system is standardized and grades whitewater into six classes. Having this scale allows beginners to safely try rapids at an appropriate level. It also gives more experienced paddlers an idea of how challenging a certain stretch of whitewater will be.

Ways in which a rapid is categorized include the speed of water flow as well as its power, obstructions such as bridge pilings, strength of currents swirling around rocks and stone obstacles, and water temperature. How long it takes to get through the rapid is also taken into account when categorizing a rapid. Technical ability (of a paddler) is also relevant to categorization of whitewater.

Categories are split into 6 main categories: Class I through Class VI. Class I is fast moving water with slight risk to swimmers; self-rescue is easy. Class II is designated for novices and Class III are for those with intermediate skill level. Class IV is intense and reserved for those with advanced skill. Knowing the common Eskimo Roll is highly suggested for Class IV. Class V is an expert category and may be more difficult to classify. Because of this, a scale describing increasing difficulty is implemented (for example, Class 5.) and 5.1). Class VI is considered extreme and exploratory. Such rapids are usually too difficult to test due to the water’s danger and unpredictability. If a Class VI rapid is completely a certain number of times, it may be re-classed as a Class V rapid rating.

When exiting the kayak when you’re upside down in the water is called a wet exit. Performing a wet exit should be done in a controlled practice environment such as a swimming pool or near a shoreline in shallow water. It is good to have someone standing in water close by. He or she can help you should you not be able to exit properly. Using your body, flip the boat upside down. Wait for the boat to be still and grasp the sides of the boat. While pulling your legs towards you, push your hips away and out of the cockpit. Surface out of the water and hold the tow loop at the boat’s bow. This is to ensure that you don’t lose your boat.

The Eskimo roll is the perhaps the most essential skill to master in order to kayak comfortably. There are two ways of performing the roll. One method is the brace roll. The brace roll requires you to reach your paddle out at a 90-degree angle, keeping it in line with your hips. While rocking your hips firmly, roll the boat back to an upright position. The second Eskimo roll method is the sweep roll. Your paddle should be held at the side of the boat, then place it at a 45-degree angle in the water. Pull the black backward while keeping your rocking hips upright. The Eskimo roll techniques are difficult to master due to how one keeps proper head position. It is best to keep the head against the shoulder that will come out of the water last.

1.) Hat or helmet: If you are going on a whitewater adventure, a helmet is a good form of head protection. For other kinds of trip, a hat with a brim is recommended. This will keep nature’s elements from beating down on a paddler, if it were the sun’s rays or windy breezes on colder days.
2.) PFD, or Personal Flotation Device: PFDs are also known as lifejackets, something no paddler should be without. In the event that you capsize and cannot re-enter the boat, having a PFD will help you stay afloat and get to shore.
3.) Footwear: A paddler should where closed-toe shoes that is preferably waterproof. Consider Neoprene booties or socks for cold days. Water shoes, old sneakers or sandals with a closed toe are good for warmer conditions. It is good have footwear in an weather condition as you may be required to walk during your trip you never know if you’ll be crossing over rocks, shells and underwater life.
4.) Paddling whistle: This item is great to have and is fairly inexpensive. If you find yourself in trouble during your trip, you can blow on the whistle to ask for help or notify other paddlers that a problem arose. A whistle is may be more effective than trying to yell for help.
5.) Dry bag: A dry bag should be fastened to the boat and can carry identification, first aid kit, food, water bottles and other items that the paddler would like to keep dry during the trip.

1.) Water and snacks: This may seem like a no-brainer, but water and food should always be present on a canoe trip. Even if you plan on going for only a short period of time, having a full supply of water is absolutely necessary. You’ll be expending more energy than you realize. Combine that with weather conditions having water and food is a great idea to keep you hydrated and full of energy.
2.) Rope throw bag: This is great for emergencies. If you need to pull someone out of water or need to tow a canoe or kayak to shore, a rope is a great accessory to have with you.
3.) Knife: In addition to having a rope, a knife is good to have. There are special paddling knives that can even attach to your PFD.
4.) Sun protection: Sunscreen, lip balm and sunglasses are all great forms of sun protection. Even on seemingly cold and cloudy days, it is a good idea to protect you from the elements. While out on the water, the sun can still affect the body. Lip balm can also help lips stay moist from wind.
5.) First aid kit: A first aid kit is essential on any kind of outdoor adventure, especially on a kayak or canoe trip. You can create your own first aid kit of bandages, ointments and medicine, or you can also buy pre-packed kits. Keep this kit in your dry bag or dry box onboard.

There are several types of car-top transporting products to attach your kayak to the roof of your car. Rooftop racks are pricey products but may offer more security and ease of use. Such racks are good for paddlers that are driving to a far destination and require considerable time on the highway. It is necessary to make sure your kayak is securely fastened as increased speed limits and high winds may otherwise knock your kayak out of place. An inexpensive alternative to rooftop racks is foam blocks. Though they are not a versatile as a rooftop rack (you can also carry other equipment like bicycles, surfboards and skis), foam blocks are good for short trips on the road and work best in good weather.

To attach kayaks to rooftop racks, people must fasten boats with saddles, stackers or j-cradles. Saddles are position along the bottom of the kayak at the stern and bow. Kayaks are transported right side up this way. Stackers carry kayaks on their side while allowing kayakers to stacking multiple boats in a single stacker. J-cradles also carry kayaks on their sides. Kayaks placed on their sides are less likes to warp. Plastic boats may flatten out if stored flat; the sides of kayak are typically sturdier. J-cradles also allow kayakers to transport more than one kayak, placing boats side by side on the roof of the car.

For others that do not wish to use rooftop racks or foam blocks may elect to transport their kayaks in a trailer.

1.) Dry gear is good gear: After a long day of paddling, it is common for people to simply pack up gear without allowing their items to dry properly. You might be tired to unload your gear and hang things up, but properly drying your equipment is something that you’ll need to incorporate into your whole “canoeing routine or “kayaking routine.” Continue the drying process by placing stored items in a dry area that won’t grow mold or mildew.
2.) Assess your gear for any damages (and fix immediately): You’ve taken the time to let your gear dry out. Now is a good time to inspect your equipment to make sure everything is in working order. For items that may need repair, fix as soon as possible to preserve the item. Zippers on jackets and bags should be lubricated to avoid rust or build up especially if you been in salt water. Rubber items should be treated with 303 Protectant.
3.) Store items together: Store all of your canoe or kayak gear together. This will ensure that on your next water trip, you’ll have everything you need stored in one easy location. Consider purchasing some plastic tote container or a large duffel bag to keep your items in an enclosed storage compartment.
4.) Store your boat: It’s best to hang canoes and kayaks on the ceiling with straps. Plastic kayaks may warp if it’s left for a prolonged time on something hard (damaging the bottom of hull).

There are many ways to improve your techniques when maneuvering a canoe. From holding your canoe on edge to sculling to bracing to performing a rapid slide, a paddler can use these skills to navigate through waterways. With enough practice and experience, a paddler can confidently canoe for recreation or sport.

To find out where your secondary stability is, holding your canoe on edge is a great exercise to perform. Sit in the front seat backwards and drop to your knees. Brace your thighs, knees and feet while spreading your legs on the canoe’s sides. Toes should go against the canoe’s corner with heels facing each other. Your balance will be tested and improved since this exercise drops your center of gravity.

To hold the canoe on edge, lean the boat to one side slowly to one side and avoid tipping over. This is when your secondary stability comes through. Slide to the side and stand on your hip and knee but balanced. Feel for the where the canoe is stable and again, that is an example of secondary stability.

Sculling is another paddling technique. Start with a draw stoke but begin to make the paddle horizontal. Instead of pulling the boat, let the tip of the paddle of the water sink while it is laid flat on the water. Considered a still-water move, twist back and forth in a figure 8 motion. Try “catching” the water and you can skull and pull the canoe with ease.

Bracing is a common skill used in kayaks due to the positioning of the body (low in the boat) and the kayak’s long paddle length. Once a kayaker gets a feel for the movements and pressures of a paddle, it is easy to identify benefits for leaning against the paddle to balance yourself. By applying pressure downward when the paddle comes into contact with flat water, a would-be fall can be avoided.

Kayak surfing is a fun way to enjoy your next water trip. To get the most out of the experience, it is best to observe the water’s wave patterns and follow a few techniques to help you catch a wave. Preparing yourself mentally and performing proper technique will guarantee a good day of paddling in the water.

The first thing a paddler should do before kayak surfing is to access the pattern of the ocean waves. Pay attention to how fast the waves are going and the lapse of time between waves. Coming up with a game plan is a safe way to enter the ocean. You can study lulls in wave time and decide where you’ll start surfing.

Get into the kayak where the surf hits the shore. This will prevent your kayak from moving too much along the coast. Using your arms, push your boat into the water and paddle to your desired surfing location.

Once you’ve gotten to your desired spot and the swells begin to build, catch the wave by paddling to the shore. Only go fast enough to stay in line with the wave. Going too slow will only make the wave pass you. Contrastly, going to fast will make you pass the wave and miss it completely. As you catch the wave, lean forward and ride it to shore or at a slight angle in the same direction as the wave’s break.

When you land your kayak, it is possible to ride the wave completely to the shore. This is done by seasoned kayaker surfers and only if the water and beach are is free of swimmers or other surfers. For those that can’t surf into the beach, try a controlled surf landing. Paddle backward so you don’t catch a wave, then chase the wave as it moves to shore. Your landing will be slow and offer you control on how fast you go and where you’ll land.

To carry your kayak, it is helpful to have the help of one other person. Each person should hold one end of the kayak and should not life the boat with their back. Carry the kayak without anything inside of it. When placing the kayak in the roof of a car, it is a good idea to remove any seats and secure the straps so they do not damage the car. If you’ve kayaked in salt water, it is a good idea to rinse down your car’s roof at the end of the day.

When you’re putting gear into your kayak, be sure to tie down everything securely. Distribute the weight of items evenly with the weight of the paddler in the boat. Items to consider bringing on your trip include a hat/helmet, a paddling whistle, protective footwear and clothing and a flotation device. First aid kits, sunscreen, extra rope, a knife, snacks and water, and other kinds of small accessories are all items that should be on board with you in a dry bag.

If you plan to scuba dive or snorkel on a kayak trip, make sure your gear is accessible. Once you’ve reached the dive site, put on your snorkel gear and slip out of the kayak gently. If you cannot beach your kayak to shore, hold your towline in one hand while you snorkel the deep water. Explore the deep-water environment while keeping your kayak in tow.